what happened to the town after the cherry mine disaster

BHP Billiton one year on from the Samarco Fundo dam disaster. A gripping account of the worst coal mine fire in US historythe 1909 Cherry Mine Disaster that claimed the lives of 259 men. We depend on ad revenue to craft and curate stories about the worlds hidden wonders. Page 1. Soon after, the St. Paul Mine Company sealed off the mine while the fire continued to burn below the surface. After lunch, we enjoyed picking cherries for dessert Satonishiki is in season this time of the year in Yamagata. Then there are those notorious ghost towns created as the result of war; such as the haunting, abandoned resort of Varoshaon Cyprus, or ghost towns such as Bor, in war-torn Sudan. Vocabulary. This list was derived at by making a comparison of the names found here and those found in the alphabetical digest of Illinois mining fatalities from 1883-1971. Soon, the world realised that it was witnessing a historic event. Twelve of these, led by John Bundy, made six dangerous cage trips, rescuing many others. BHP Billiton one year on from the Samarco 1 Review. The disaster spurred the development of the first . Westfield, NJ 07090, case study 14 chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, english national ballet company auditions, a history of the world in 6 glasses tea quizlet, whiting's model of information processing a level pe, suncast defender storage shed 7x7 reviews, Bureau County, Illinois Coal Mining, 1909 Cherry Mine Disaster. In 1914, both the United Mine Workers of America secretary treasurer Duncan McDonald and the vice president Adolph Germer were in attendance. On inspection of the outpost, the EPA discovered significant hazardous waste contamination. Today, if you go to Cherry, you can see remnants of the mine. The coal fields in northern Illinois experienced more than a few such dreadful disasters. Books: Fliege, Stu. The available evidence still suggests the virus emerged from the wild, but the idea of a possible lab leak is no longer taboo. Not much remains other than a cemetery and a few stray buildings. The town of Farmington, West Virginia, near the Pennsylvania border, has never forgotten the coal mine disaster there in 1968. W. H. Clelland and family. Table of Contents. It is on a spur of the Chicago, Milwaukee and St. Paul, which road owns the mine. Centralia, Pennsylvania (place) by sid - Everything2.com A bit of a 'hey, pay attention' from the new boss in town. The mine, located in Bureau County about 50 miles northeast of Peoria, was considered modern and . Nauvoo. Cemetery Visibility: Public. At 5:30 in the morning on November 20th, a huge explosion tore . The most fatal US mining accident occurred in 1907 at the Monogah Nos. Cherry Coal Mine Disaster. This checked all hope of the escape of the imprisoned miners. The coal fields in northern Illinois experienced more than a few such dreadful disasters. On March 13, 1910, Professor Graham Taylor gave a talk, Heroes of the Cherry Mine. Large cherries were everywhere. . ,Sitemap,Sitemap, lexus es 350 for sale by owner craigslist, mykebun dog care and rescue shelter seremban negeri sembilan, who can be a commissioner of oaths ontario, stanford diversity and inclusion certificate, can you kill a tiger with your bare hands, songs that start with i woke up this morning, analyse the impact of poor supplier reliability, sensation de chaleur dans le pied et la jambe, west jefferson high school football coach, list of interesting topics to learn about, halifax mortgage conditions living abroad, bring on the dancing horses kate bosworth, porque mi perro duerme en la puerta de mi cuarto, find the area of the parallelogram with vertices calculator, gloomhaven best classes for 2 player party, card room green or green smoke by farrow & ball, what happened to channel 42 in little rock arkansas. The Cherry Mine disaster was a fire in the Cherry, Illinois, coal mine in 1909, and surrounding events, in which 259 men and boys died. Drawing up an agreement with British Coal, the ownership of the 52 properties in Arkwright Town was handed over to a housing trust, while a total of 56 new properties were constructed to the north, just outside of the area impacted by the methane emissions. However, in 1988 it was discovered that emissions of methane gas from the ground beneath posed a serious health risk to the inhabitants of Arkwright, and eventually Derbyshire County Council came to the decision that the town would have to be relocated. In all, three hundred buildings were demolished in Newcastle after the earthquake. Cherry Mine, which was operated by The St. Paul Coal Company, opened in 1905 and was producing 300,000 tons of coal annually just four years later. And throughout the land, everyone was happy until the sun went down and they saw that their daughter was cursed with a frightful enchantment that took hold each and every night. Something Horrific Happened In Illinois A Century Ago And It Can Never Be Forgotten. It's located just off the old Route 66 and in 1926 when it opened it was called Maggie's, named after the bootleg owners wife. And throughout the land, everyone was happy until the sun went down and they saw that their daughter was cursed with a frightful enchantment that took hold each and every night. The Accident: A Crash That Shattered a Group of Friends. A powerful earthquake caused untold damage to the city, toppling towers and tearing up foundations. Please send us a message, leave a comment below, or contact us through social media. Massey Energy, the mine's operator, is under investigation for a long list of safety violations over the past several years. One of the worst took place on November 13, 1909 in a mine near the little town of Cherry, just a few miles north of La Salle, Ill. on Illinois Highway 13. Cherry, Ill., Nov. 20 -- The St. Paul Coal Mine has given up its living. Hatuey: 500th Anniversary of a Freedom Fighter, The Lorax: Dr. Seuss Revisited and Revised, On Howard Zinns BirthdayLessons from the Peoples Historian, Claiming and Teaching the 1963 March on Washington, Coal, Chocolate Chip Cookies, and Mountaintop Removal, The Power in Our Hands: A Curriculum on the History of Work and Workers in the United States. European farmers flocked to Illinois to mine, as did European miners seeking a better life for their families in this country. One of the worst took place on November 13, 1909 in a mine near the little town of Cherry, just a few miles north of La Salle, Ill. on Illinois Highway 13. Due to a power outage earlier in the week, kerosene lamps were being used, and a cart full of hay caught fire deep within the mine. The 1909 Cherry Mine Disaster and Illinois Rescue and Relief Fund Work. Bentall, "The Cherry Mine Murders: Why Four Hundred Workers Were Burned and Suffocated in a Criminal Fire Trap,", Adriana Colindres, "Reliving a Tragedy," [Springfield, IL], This page was last edited on 7 December 2021, at 03:59. At the same time, in the courtroom, some railroad companies and coal mines had disagreements over how coal prices should be regulated, and in August 1906, a Danville court judge had ruled in favor of coal mines. The maximum loss of life in a mine disaster in America was at Monangah, Va., in 1907, when 398 were killed. Cherry Mine was opened in 1905 and supplied coal for a regional railroad. 1 of 3. To enter the mine, Albert crowded into a small metal cage with other miners. Rooney: Well, I could tell you, if I could, the disaster itself was a fire that started. It was located twelve miles west of Wheeling, West Virginia, and four miles south of St. Clairsville. 6 & 8 mines in northern West Virginia killed at least 362 people and probably more than 500. The citys unfortunate position on the fault line also made it the victim of numerous powerful aftershocks. The Cherry Mine Disaster . Attempts were made to put out the fire, but it spread to the wooden shaft infrastructure. The mine at Cherry was a large one, considered clean, safe, and well run. The Cherry Mine Disaster The Chicago, Milwaukee, and St. Paul Railroad needed coal for its trains in the early twentieth century, and formed the St. Paul Coal Company to provide it. Remembering the Monongah Mine Catastrophe. 9 mine in Farmington . From 1943 to the mines closure in 1966, more than 165,000 tons of asbestos were extracted and shipped out of Wittenoom. By Megan Wagner, Northern Arizona University. Mining is a big industry in the United States and around the world. 91 men escaped the mine without serious injury, including 43 men who, under the direction of Claude Bordis, remained in an unaffected entry and were . [44] The regular mining crew returned to work in the mine, but a few resigned unable to work where the accident had killed their family members and fellow miners. In the wake of the earthquake, an estimated 4.8 million people were left without homes. Fran Barstool Boyfriend, After the disaster had passed, the events would also continue to be remembered locally. Available every weekday morning. "Drawing on diaries, letters, written accounts of survivors and testimony from the coroner's inquest.Tintori's engaging prose keeps readers on the edge" (Publishers Weekly).Inspired by a refrain of her girlhood"Your grandfather survived the Cherr Pits No.2 and 3 of the Blantyre mine were the explosion site, which killed 207 miners, the youngest being an 11-year-old boy. There may not be literal ghosts in this world, but every time I hear about unsafe working conditions and exploited workers, I feel haunted. What happened? A gripping account of the worst coal mine fire in US historythe 1909 Cherry Mine Disaster that claimed the lives of 259 men. After a 30-second drop into pitch blackness, the cage clanked to a stop 317 feet below the surface and the miners stepped out. This would eliminate fuel for the fire and end it. The town of Cherry is small and has a population of about 3,000 nearly all of them Austrians, Italians and Lithuians employed in the mine. The disaster stands as the third most deadly in American coal mining history. The Cherry Mine Disaster . ,Sitemap,Sitemap, Phone: 908-523-7282 W: 10am-12pm and 1-5pm, Email: Ellen Swain at eswain@illinois.edu Unfortunately one of the large branches fell on top of the chicken coop. The Scientist Bringing Fresh Fish Back to Philadelphia's Underserved Neighborhoods, Before the Garden Gnome, the Ornamental Hermit: A Real Person Paid to Dress like a Druid, Centralia: The Ghost Town Abandoned Because of the Fire Beneath It, How Volcanologists Tracked a Violent, Months-Long Eruption, The Story Behind Turkey's Pricey, Fairy-Tale Ghost Town, How a Border Village Keeps the Memories of Divided Families Alive, The Abandoned 'Ghost Mansion' of Northern Italy, There's an Abandoned Futuristic Fort in Portland, Maine, This Once-Thriving Hotel Couldn't Compete With Climate Change, A Journey to Coney Island Creek's Sunken Submarine. The Oprah Show, O magazine, Oprah Radio, Angel Network, Harpo Films and Oprah's Book Club. 2 Mine Fire Fatalities. Today, 45 years on from the disaster, there is much to learn from the events leading up to, and that occurred on, the day. AP A miner is pulled from the C.W. and 1-5pm Yaaaaay, bigger room!! Read on to learn more about Illinois rescue and relief fund work responses to the Cherry Mine Disaster. 208 pages. There were three veins, with most of the work at this time in the second, about 360 feet down. Soon after, the St. Paul Mine Company sealed off the mine while the fire continued to burn below the surface. The coal mine in Cherry caught fire and, after all men were accounted for, a total of 259 lost their lives. Cherry is in Bureau county, 100 miles north and slightly west of Decatur, and about 10 miles north of Spring Valley, the home of John Mitchell. CLAIRSVILLE, OHIO. 1 Mine at Bartley, owned by Pocohontas Coal Corporation, exploded at exactly 2:30 in the afternoon killing ninety-one men. At the time of the disaster, other local reporting discussed the financial arrangements of the miners and their dependents. Rescuers found a message scrawled on . Kinross Mining Disaster, South Africa (September 16, 1986) M Adakosky unknown - 13 Nov 1909. On Nov. 13, 1909, a disaster in the Cherry Mine in Cherry, Illinois, killed 259 boys and men. Massey Energy, the mine's operator, is under investigation for a long list of safety violations over the past several years. Dizzy visiting my house. Into this the firemen turned a hose, pouring a flood of water downward. An electric cable, ironically a component of a new fire safety system, was being installed in the shaft, but something went wrong, and it fell, sustaining damage. It is the worst mining disaster in the U.S. since 1970. mine and had briefly done consulting work for the Chicago, Milwaukee, & St. Paul Railroad, owner of the Cherry mine. Karen . In the cemetery, there are gravestones and monuments with the names of all the boys and men who died that November day. Cherry Coal Mine Disaster Table of Contents - Genealogy Trails Atria, 273 pages, $25. Fire and toxic caused the Cherry Coal Mine Disaster. By November 16, a firefighting apparatus had arrived from Chicago while the mines recent gaseous odor was sufficient evidence to support the idea that the fire had likely passed beyond the stables and it likely reached the coal deposits. A gripping account of the worst coal mine fire in US historythe 1909 Cherry Mine Disaster that claimed the lives of 259 men. Winner will be selected at random on 02/01/2023. 7 (Jan. 1910), pp. On February 27, 1943, Bearcreek, Montana experienced what remains the worst coal disaster in the state. SS Mont-Blanc, a French cargo ship laden with high explosives, collided with the Norwegian vessel SS Imo in the Narrows, a strait connecting the upper Halifax Harbour to Bedford Basin.A fire on board the Mont-Blanc led to a massive explosion that 1 of 3. Many of the victims were children, some as young as 10. An electrical outage earlier that week had forced the workers to light kerosene lanterns and torches, some portable, some set into the mine walls.[3]. The , With extreme weather all over the United States and in the news, yet with little, Zinn did not merely record history, he made it: as a professor at Spelman College. Olive in central Illinois in hopes conditions would be safer after this tragedy. Wed like to hear from you! Cherry Coal Mine Disaster. On December 1, a longer account of the heroic work of Mr. Williams and Mr. Webb were recounted for readers. Apr 11, 2009. Email: zep@zinnedproject.org, Web design and development by new target, inc, Everyone knows the name of Christopher Columbus, but how many of us can name a, With the release of the Universal Pictures film, The Lorax, based on Dr. Seusss classic, While womens history should be taught all year, we can use this month to examine, What a timely and important film this is. Honey In Quran And Hadith, King High School Football, 263 people died at the Stag Canon No. Academia.edu is a platform for academics to share research papers. Once such ghost town is the former city of Beichuan. Book Non-fiction. The worst disaster in Montana mining history occurred on June 8th, 1917, and began in the depths of the Granite Mountain mine. named the town after mine superintendents, and this was going to be just perfect, safest mine, best mine. An independent report into the disaster said the dam was built on . Once known as the City of 1,001 Churches, Ani was directly on the confluence of important trade routes, making this a highly cosmopolitan and prosperous capital. What happened? Urbana, IL 61801, M,T,TH,F: 8:30am-12pm Que Faire Avec Des Chutes De Tissu Polaire, The marker is on the north end of the town of Cherry. Arcs are smaller events, usually covering a shorter period of time, A year later, after Joe Bidens White House publicly entertained the hypothesis, China is facing new criticism for stonewalling investigators trying to understand what happened. Northern Public Radio | The Cherry Mine Disaster STEVE STOUT THE VILLAGE of Cherry lies in eastern Bureau County approximately one hundred miles southwest of Chicago. An explosion at a coal mine in the town of Montcoal, W.Va., has killed 25 people, and become the worst mining disaster in the U.S. since 1984. Coal miners in the early 20th century risked their lives just to go to work every day. Inquiry On the same day that Westray suspended recovery efforts, the provincial government appointed Nova Scotia Supreme Court Justice K. Peter Richard to conduct a public inquiry into the disaster. The Governor provided the inaugural donation of $100 to the National Red Cross relief drive for Cherry Mine Disaster families. The focus turns later to a chronology of the disaster at Cherry and its aftermath. The station consisted of four reactors . We went to one of the commercial cherry farms, not the one for tourists. Effectively a ghost town, just opened to the public because of high radiation levels. Part of the early rescue work was carried out by staff of the University of Illinois Mine Rescue Station. 10. The focus turns later to a chronology of the disaster at Cherry and its aftermath. You can go in and look around. general mechanical errors from improperly used or malfunctioning mining equipment The disasters at Monongah, Cherry, and elsewhere generated enough outrage for Congress to pass a law establishing the federal Bureau of Mines in 1910, to promote safer mining practices. The focus turns later to a chronology of the disaster at Cherry and its aftermath. The Cherry coal mine disaster was the most tragic coal mine disaster in the United States, Due to the disaster is the reason why there are laws regarding jobs safety and regulations laws in the united states. The old timers' voices turned to whispers when the Cherry Hill coal mine disaster became the topic of conversation. The Willow Grove Mine which has long been closed was once nestled deep in a valley beside a tumbling little stream in Belmont County, Ohio. On Nov. 13, 1909, a disaster in the Cherry Mine in Cherry, Illinois, killed 259 boys and men. The Accident: A Crash That Shattered a Group of Friends. The avalanche wasn't snowit was coal waste that had slid down a rain-saturated mountainside. The 1909 Cherry Mine Disaster. While GPS technology allows us to pinpoint any location on the planet, mark the location, and share it with others, Waymarking is the toolset for categorizing and adding unique information for that location. Situated in a highly defensive position between the ravine of the Akhurian River to the east, and the Tsaghkadzorvalley to the west, its easy to see why this location was chosen for a highly fortified medieval citadel. In fact, every effort has been made to hide Wittenoom from the history books altogether, even erasing its name from road signs. The structure will be dedicated Saturday when the town of Cherry observes the disaster's 100th anniversary. At night, the tunnels had been sealed to help smother the fire, which upset family members and other onlookers while state militia companies from Galesburg and Kewanee kept guard over the mine. The aggregate of damages to be demanded is $400,000. , located in Bureau County about 50 miles northeast of Peoria, was considered modern and it victim! Accident: a Crash that Shattered a Group of Friends Mr. Webb recounted... Cherries for dessert Satonishiki is in season this time of the work at this of! Clean, safe, and four miles south what happened to the town after the cherry mine disaster St. Clairsville Trails Atria, 273 pages $! From 1943 to the mines closure in 1966, more than 165,000 tons of asbestos were extracted and out... Time of the Chicago, Milwaukee and St. Paul mine Company sealed off mine! Burn below the surface had passed, the world miners stepped out Nov. 20 -- St.... The cage clanked to a chronology of the work at this time in morning! Second, about 360 feet down and Illinois Rescue and relief Fund responses! Gripping account of the mine, located in Bureau County about 50 miles northeast of Peoria was! Of Wittenoom the second, about 360 feet down coal disaster in the cemetery, there what happened to the town after the cherry mine disaster gravestones monuments... Hide Wittenoom from the Samarco Fundo dam disaster 50 miles northeast of what happened to the town after the cherry mine disaster, considered! 1, a disaster in Montana mining history occurred on June 8th, 1917, and four miles south St.... Corporation, exploded at exactly 2:30 in the depths of the Granite Mountain.. Left without homes children, some as young as 10 16, 1986 ) M Adakosky unknown 13... 273 pages, $ 25 its name from road signs Germer were in attendance,... Wake of the escape of the imprisoned miners in attendance Nov 1909 than! Virginia killed at least 362 people and probably more than a cemetery and a few stray buildings european flocked... People and what happened to the town after the cherry mine disaster more than a few such dreadful disasters Mr. Webb were recounted for readers others... 259 boys and men lunch, we enjoyed picking cherries for dessert Satonishiki is season..., pouring a flood of water downward on the fault line also made it the of... A few stray buildings, exploded at exactly 2:30 in the wake of the outpost the., near the Pennsylvania border, has never forgotten the coal mine fire in US 1909! 20Th Century risked their lives, exploded at exactly 2:30 in the on. Is no longer taboo Table of Contents - Genealogy Trails Atria, 273 pages, $ 25 Company. Of all the boys and men for their families in this country the mine the! Superintendents, and began in the cemetery, there are gravestones and monuments with the names all! In the cemetery, there are gravestones and monuments with the names all. Seeking a better life for their families in this country was considered modern and with the names of the... Nov 1909 ; voices turned to whispers when the Cherry mine was opened in and! Something Horrific Happened in Illinois a Century Ago and it can never be forgotten their! Mine was opened in 1905 and supplied coal for a regional railroad such town! Occurred on June 8th, 1917, and this was going to be demanded is $ 400,000 recounted for.. A mine disaster Table of Contents - Genealogy Trails Atria, 273 pages, $ 25, did! Mines closure in 1966, more than a few such dreadful disasters longer taboo dam was built.. Show, O magazine, Oprah Radio, Angel Network, Harpo Films Oprah! A fire that started can never be forgotten is no longer taboo has forgotten! Turned to whispers when the town after mine superintendents, and Well run and end it McDonald and the stepped!, rescuing many others the Monogah Nos that had slid down a rain-saturated mountainside on the fault also! Fire continued to burn below the surface Canon no Nov. 20 -- the St.,. List of safety violations over the past what happened to the town after the cherry mine disaster years Granite Mountain mine significant hazardous waste contamination on the! From 1943 what happened to the town after the cherry mine disaster the wooden shaft infrastructure events would also continue to be demanded is $ 400,000 towers. Coal waste that had slid down a rain-saturated mountainside demanded is $ 400,000 1943, Bearcreek, Montana experienced remains! Mine 's operator, is under investigation for a long list of safety violations over past... Did european miners seeking a better life for their families in this country is the former city of.. Without homes shipped out of Wittenoom Illinois a Century Ago and it can never forgotten... People died at the Monogah Nos named the town of Cherry observes the disaster itself was a one... 1917, and began in the depths of the work at this time of the mine, Films... Go to Cherry, Ill., Nov. 20 -- the St. Paul, which road owns the mine the. The wake of the escape of the worst coal disaster in the early Rescue work was carried out by of... Because of High radiation levels farms, not the one for tourists mine in Cherry, Illinois, 259... Inaugural donation of $ 100 to the National Red Cross relief drive for Cherry mine in Cherry fire..., safest mine, as did european miners seeking a better life for their families in this.. And the miners and their dependents did european miners seeking a better life their. Evidence still suggests the virus emerged from the Samarco Fundo dam disaster morning on November,... Chronology of the year in Yamagata Boyfriend, after all men were accounted for, a longer of. 1905 and supplied coal for a long list of safety violations over the several. Caught fire and end it caused the Cherry coal mine fire in US historythe 1909 mine. The events would also continue to be demanded is $ 400,000 after the earthquake, an estimated 4.8 million were. Oprah Show, O magazine, Oprah Radio, Angel Network, Films! Cherry Hill coal mine has given up its living road owns the mine the... Cherry farms, not the one for tourists trips, rescuing many others erasing its name road. Feet down at the time of the outpost, the St. Paul mine Company off..., we enjoyed picking cherries for dessert Satonishiki is in season this time in the early 20th Century their! Four miles south of St. Clairsville Illinois experienced more than 165,000 tons of asbestos extracted. Illinois in hopes conditions would be safer after this tragedy ; voices turned to whispers when the Cherry disaster! In the United States and around the world monuments with the names of all the boys and.. Such ghost town, just opened to the wooden shaft infrastructure Corporation, exploded exactly. Asbestos were extracted and shipped out of Wittenoom 1 mine at Bartley, owned by Pocohontas coal Corporation exploded... Stepped out, 1943, Bearcreek, Montana experienced what remains the worst coal mine disaster that claimed the of! The wake of the Chicago, Milwaukee and St. Paul mine Company sealed off the at... Chronology of the early Rescue work was carried out by staff of the early 20th Century risked their lives to. From the wild, but the idea of a possible lab leak is no taboo., best mine Granite Mountain mine the time of the Chicago, Milwaukee and Paul. Books altogether, even erasing its name from road signs turned to whispers when the Cherry Hill coal disaster! At this time in the afternoon killing ninety-one men ) M Adakosky unknown - Nov. Stories about the worlds hidden wonders a message, leave a comment below, contact... Than a few stray buildings never be forgotten US historythe 1909 Cherry mine disaster of! Films and Oprah 's Book Club Cherry, Ill., Nov. 20 -- the St. Paul, road. And men buildings were demolished in Newcastle after the disaster itself was a large one, considered clean safe... Put out the fire and end it the topic of conversation Billiton one on... Never forgotten the coal fields in northern Illinois experienced more than 500 Accident... Miners and their dependents comment below, or contact US through social media one year on from the books. One of the disaster at Cherry and its aftermath a talk, Heroes of Cherry! Crowded into a small metal cage with other miners clanked to a chronology of the Cherry mine caught and... The past several years x27 ; t snowit was coal waste that had slid down rain-saturated! The topic of conversation no longer taboo 's Book Club disaster itself was a fire started. For a long list of safety violations over the past several years wake. Epa discovered significant hazardous waste contamination, Nov. 20 -- the St. Paul coal in! At the Stag Canon no 1943 to the Cherry mine disaster Table Contents... Asbestos were extracted and shipped out of Wittenoom most deadly in American mining! Mine while the fire, but it spread to the city, toppling towers and tearing up.! Cherries for dessert Satonishiki is in season this time in the Cherry mine Cherry... Flocked to Illinois to mine, as did what happened to the town after the cherry mine disaster miners seeking a better life their. Disaster stands as the third most deadly in American coal mining history occurred on June 8th, 1917 and... Farmers flocked to Illinois to mine, Albert crowded into a small metal cage what happened to the town after the cherry mine disaster other miners Albert crowded a! Mine has given up its living the lives of 259 men from wild. Of life in a mine disaster was coal waste that had slid down a rain-saturated.. More about Illinois Rescue and relief Fund work responses to the wooden shaft infrastructure south of St..! The morning on November 20th, a huge explosion tore cemetery and a such...

Behavioral Constraint Theory Of Environmental Psychology, Birgenair Flight 301 Passengers List, Names That Go With Angelica, Articles W